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E01252: Coptic funerary inscription, probably from Bawit, with a long invocation to a large number of saints including the Archangels *Michael (S00181) and *Gabriel (S00192),*Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), the Apostles (S00084), the martyrs *Viktor (son of Romanos, S00749), *Phoibammon (soldier and martyr of Assiut, S00080), *George (soldier and martyr, S00259), and *Menas (soldier and martyr of Abu Mena, S00073), and *Pamoun (S00775), as well as a long list of monastic figures that includes Apa *Apollo (founder of the monastery at Bawit, 4th century, S00160), Apa *Anoup, and Apa *Phib (S00774), of unknown date, presumably 6th/9th century and most likely from Bawit (Middle Egypt).

online resource
posted on 2016-04-07, 00:00 authored by Bryan
KSB 1 793

+ ⲡⲓⲱⲧ ⲡϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲡⲉⲡⲛⲁ ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲁⲁϥ ⲡⲉⲛⲓⲱⲧ
ⲙⲓⲭⲁⲏⲗ ⲙⲛ ⲅⲁⲃⲣⲓⲏⲗ ⲧⲉⲙⲙⲁⲩ ⲙⲁ-
ⲣⲓⲁ ⲡϫⲟⲩⲧⲁϥⲧⲉ ⲙⲡⲣⲉⲥⲃⲏⲧⲉⲣⲟⲥ ⲡⲉⲛ-
ⲓⲱⲧ ⲁⲇⲁⲙ ⲧⲉⲙⲙⲁⲩ ⲍⲱⲏ ⲙⲉ ⲛⲉⲩϣⲏ-
ⲣⲉ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ⲛⲧⲓⲕⲉⲟⲥ ⲛⲉⲛⲓⲟⲧⲉ ⲛⲁⲡⲟⲥⲧⲟ-
ⲗⲟⲥ ⲛⲉⲛⲓⲟⲧⲉ ⲙⲙⲁⲣⲧⲉⲣⲟⲥ ⲁⲡⲁ ⲃⲓⲕⲧⲱⲣ
ⲁⲡⲁ ⲫⲟⲓⲃⲁⲙⲱⲛ ⲁⲡⲁ ⲅⲉⲱⲣⲅⲉ ⲁⲡⲁ ⲙ-
ⲏⲛⲁ ⲁⲡⲁ ⲡⲁⲙⲟⲩⲛ ⲙⲉ ⲛⲉϥⲥⲛⲏⲩ ⲁⲡⲁ ⲁⲛ-
ⲓϭⲉ ⲁⲡⲁ ⲃⲓⲕⲧⲱⲣ ⲙⲉ ⲛⲉⲩⲥⲛⲏⲩ ⲛⲉⲛⲓⲟⲧⲉ ⲛⲟ-
ϭ ⲛⲣⲱⲙⲉ ⲁⲡⲁ ⲁⲡⲟⲗⲱ ⲁⲡⲁ ⲁⲛⲟⲩⲡ ⲁⲡⲁ ⲫⲓⲃ
ⲁⲡⲁ ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲣⲙⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲁⲡⲁ ⲡⲣⲟⲩ ⲁⲡⲁ ⲡⲁⲙⲟⲩⲛ
ⲁⲡⲁ ⲉⲩⲧⲉⲙⲱⲛ + ⲛⲉⲧⲟⲩⲁⲁϥ ⲧⲩⲣⲟⲩ ⲛⲧⲁⲩⲉⲣ
ⲡⲟⲩⲱϣ ⲙⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲁⲣⲓ ⲡⲙⲉⲉⲩⲉ ⲙⲡⲁⲓⲱⲧ
ⲡⲁⲡⲁ ⲥⲉⲣⲛⲉ ⲡⲣⲙ ⲧⲉⲙϫⲓⲣ ⲁϥⲉⲙⲧⲟⲛ ⲙⲟϥ ⲛⲥ-
ⲟⲩ ϣⲙⲟⲩⲛ ⲙⲉⲥⲟⲣⲏ ϩⲛ ⲟⲩⲉⲓⲣⲏⲛⲉ ϩⲁⲙⲏⲛ +
ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁⲣⲓ ⲡⲙⲉⲉⲩⲉ ⲙⲡⲁⲥⲟⲛ ⲁ-
ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲁϥⲉⲙⲧⲟⲛ ⲙⲙⲟϥ ⲛⲥⲟⲩ
ϫⲟⲩⲱⲧ . . . ⲛⲡⲁⲣⲙⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲡⲁⲡⲁ ⲓⲱϩⲁⲛⲛⲏⲥ ⲓⲕϩ
+ ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ ⲉⲡⲡⲁⲡⲁ ⲁⲡⲟⲗⲱ ⲡⲉϥϣⲏⲣⲉ ϥⲑ

'Father, Son, (and) Holy Spirit. Our father Michael and Gabriel, our mother Mary, the twenty-four Elders, our father Adam, our mother Zoe with all their children, the just, our fathers the apostles, our fathers the martyrs, Apa Biktor, Apa Phoibamon, Apa George, Apa Mena, Apa Pamoun and his brothers, Apa Anige, Apa Biktor and his brothers, our fathers the great men, Apa Apollo, Apa Anoup, Apa Phib, Apa Patermoute, Apa Prou, Apa Pamoun, Apa Eutemon, (and) all the saints who have fulfilled the will of God, remember my father Apa Serene, the man of Temjir! He has gone to rest on day 3 of the month Mesore in peace. Amen. And remember my brother Anoute! He has gone to rest on day 20 of the month Pharmouthi. Papa John … God, watch over Papa Apollo, his son! Amen.”

Translation: G. Schenke.

History

Evidence ID

E01252

Saint Name

Michael, the Archangel : S00181 Gabriel, the Archangel : S00192 Mary, Mother of Christ : S00033 Adam and Zoe/Eve : S00772 Apostles (unspecified) : S00084 Viktor, son of Romanos, Egyptian martyr, ob. 303–311 : S00749 Phoibammon, soldier martyr o

Saint Name in Source

ⲡⲉⲛⲓⲱⲧ ⲙⲓⲭⲁⲏⲗ ⲅⲁⲃⲣⲓⲏⲗ ⲧⲉⲙⲙⲁⲩ ⲙⲁⲣⲓⲁ ⲡⲉⲛⲓⲱⲧ ⲁⲇⲁⲙ, ⲧⲉⲙⲙⲁⲩ ⲍⲱⲏ ⲛⲉⲛⲓⲟⲧⲉ ⲛⲁⲡⲟⲥⲧⲟⲗⲟⲥ ⲁⲡⲁ ⲃⲓⲕⲧⲱⲣ ⲁⲡⲁ ⲫⲟⲓⲃⲁⲙⲱⲛ ⲁⲡⲁ ⲅⲉⲱⲣⲅⲉ ⲁⲡⲁ ⲙⲏⲛⲁ ⲁⲡⲁ ⲡⲁⲙⲟⲩⲛ ⲁⲡⲁ ⲁⲡⲟⲗⲱ, ⲁⲡⲁ ⲁⲛⲟⲩⲡ, ⲁⲡⲁ ⲫⲓⲃ

Type of Evidence

Inscriptions - Funerary inscriptions

Language

  • Coptic

Evidence not before

500

Evidence not after

899

Activity not before

500

Activity not after

899

Place of Evidence - Region

Egypt and Cyrenaica

Place of Evidence - City, village, etc

Bawit

Place of evidence - City name in other Language(s)

Bawit Hermopolis ϣⲙⲟⲩⲛ Ashmunein Hermopolis

Cult activities - Non Liturgical Practices and Customs

Prayer/supplication/invocation

Source

The limestone stele JE 67049 is kept at the Egyptian Museum in Cairo.

Discussion

The invocation, lines 1–13 takes much more room than the details of the deceased, lines 13–19. Within the list of addressees a distinction is made between martyrs and holy figures, as well as a clear hierarchy of saints maintained in descending order of importance. See also E01251.

Bibliography

Hasitzka, M.R.M., Koptisches Sammelbuch I (KSB I) (Vienna, 1993), 267.

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    Evidence -  The Cult of Saints in Late Antiquity

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